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INYANGA HEALTH

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Writer's pictureDr. Alex Armitage

Good Mood Food: Fermented Foods and Happiness

Updated: Sep 4, 2023


Through the gut-brain axis, probiotics found in fermented foods influence neurotransmitter activity, potentially promoting positive emotions and reducing symptoms of anxiety and depression. By incorporating delicious fermented foods like yogurt, sauerkraut, and kombucha into our diet, we can cultivate a happier gut and support our overall emotional well-being.


Woman holding a jar of yogurt

Recently I’ve run down a bit of a fermentation rabbit hole. On my counter are gallon jars of kombucha, an assortment of raw vinegars in various stages of fermentation, and my fridge is stacked with mason jars of creamy white yogurt. My kitchen is an alchemist’s paradise. It all started with me needing to find a use for a glut of apples and since I am not baking at the moment I thought “I’ll make some apple vinegar!” Why not? Well, this has opened up a whole new world.


It's hard to imagine that the foods we consume can influence not just our physical well-being, but also our emotional health. The hidden world of fermented foods, however, is creating a buzz in the wellness sector for its substantial impact on our mood. But how can eating yogurt or sauerkraut lift your spirits? Welcome to the fascinating realm of the gut-brain axis and neurotransmitters that tell a tale of how our food choices can significantly contribute to our happiness.



The Gut-Brain Axis: A Two-Way Street

To kick off this exploration, we first need to understand the gut-brain axis, a bi-directional communication network between our gut and brain. This connection is mediated by the vagus nerve, an important part of our nervous system. A growing body of research suggests that the trillions of microbes living in our gut, collectively known as the gut microbiota, play a crucial role in communicating with our brain.


This dialogue influences not just our gut health but extends to our psychological well-being too. Stress, anxiety, and mood disorders have been linked to an imbalance in our gut microbiota, a condition known as dysbiosis. On the flip side, a healthy and diverse gut microbiota can contribute to a positive mood and enhanced emotional resilience.



The Role of Prebiotics and Probiotics

Bacteria seen through an electron microscope

Fermented foods, a rich source of probiotics, are key players in promoting a healthy gut microbiota. During the fermentation process, certain foods undergo a transformation through the action of beneficial microorganisms, which encourages the growth and cultivation of probiotics, such as Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, Streptococcus, and Saccharomyces, among others. These beneficial probiotics are living microorganisms that play a crucial role in supporting gut health and promoting overall well-being when consumed in adequate amounts. Lactic acid bacteria, such as Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium, are commonly found in fermented foods like yogurt, kefir, kimchi, sauerkraut, and miso.


In addition to probiotics, fermented foods also contain prebiotics, which play a vital role in supporting the growth and activity of beneficial gut bacteria. Prebiotics are non-digestible fibers and compounds that serve as food for probiotics, helping them thrive and establish a robust presence in the gut. While probiotics are live microorganisms that directly contribute to gut health, prebiotics act as a nourishing source for these beneficial bacteria.


Fermented foods often naturally contain prebiotics, such as inulin and fructooligosaccharides (FOS), which are derived from plant-based sources. By incorporating prebiotics into our diets through fermented foods, we can create a favorable environment for probiotics to flourish, ultimately enhancing the gut microbiota's diversity and functionality. Together, the synergistic action of probiotics and prebiotics in fermented foods contributes to a healthier gut-brain axis, promoting not only physical well-being but also a positive and balanced emotional state.



Neurotransmitters in the Gut: The "Happy Chemicals"

So, how do these probiotics exert their mood-boosting effects? Research suggests that they can influence the production and activity of neurotransmitters in our brain. Neurotransmitters, such as serotonin, dopamine, and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), are chemical messengers that regulate mood, emotions, and stress responses.


Serotonin, often referred to as the "happiness hormone," is crucial for maintaining a positive mood and promoting feelings of well-being. It is estimated that about 90% of serotonin is produced in the gut. Probiotics have been shown to enhance serotonin production, leading to an improvement in mood and a reduction in symptoms of depression and anxiety.

Dopamine is another neurotransmitter associated with pleasure and reward. Imbalances in dopamine levels have been linked to mood disorders like depression. Probiotics have been found to influence dopamine receptors in the brain, potentially contributing to a more balanced and positive emotional state.

GABA, on the other hand, is an inhibitory neurotransmitter that helps regulate feelings of fear and anxiety. Low GABA levels are associated with anxiety disorders, while higher levels promote relaxation and calmness. Studies have shown that certain probiotics can increase GABA levels in the brain, potentially exerting anxiolytic effects.

In addition to directly affecting neurotransmitter levels, probiotics also interact with the immune system and the enteric nervous system in the gut. A well-balanced gut microbiota can help reduce inflammation, which has been implicated in mood disorders and cognitive decline.


Furthermore, fermented foods contain not only probiotics but also a variety of bioactive compounds that contribute to their mood-enhancing effects. For instance, some fermented foods like yogurt and kefir are rich in peptides that have opioid-like properties, promoting feelings of relaxation and well-being.

Good Mood Food to Boost Gut Health and Mood

Incorporating fermented foods into your daily diet can be both delicious and beneficial for your gut health and mood. Here are some easy-to-find fermented foods that you can easily include in your meals:

1. Yogurt: A classic and versatile option, yogurt is a rich source of probiotics, calcium, and protein. Enjoy it as a snack, mix it with fruits for a refreshing parfait, or use it as a creamy addition to sauces and dressings.

2. Kombucha: This fashionable fermented tea beverage, is another fantastic option to consider for gut health and mood. Enjoy it chilled and sipped slowly, either on its own or as a refreshing addition to your favorite mocktail for a bubbly dose of probiotics that can leave you feeling both invigorated and nourished.

3. Sauerkraut: Made from fermented cabbage, sauerkraut offers a tangy flavor and is packed with beneficial probiotics. Use it as a condiment in sandwiches or salads to add a delightful crunch.

4. Kimchi: A staple in Korean cuisine, kimchi is a spicy and flavorful fermented vegetable dish. Enjoy it as a side dish or incorporate it into stir-fries and rice bowls for an extra kick of taste and probiotics.

5. Kefir: Similar to yogurt but in a drinkable form, kefir is a fermented dairy beverage rich in probiotics and nutrients. Drink it as is or blend it into smoothies for a nutritious and probiotic-packed treat.

6. Raw Apple Cider Vinegar: Raw apple cider vinegar is created through a fermentation process that retains its beneficial enzymes and gut-friendly probiotics. Incorporate it into your daily routine by using it as a tangy dressing for salads or mix it with water for a refreshing and healthful beverage.

7. Tempeh: A popular plant-based protein, tempeh is made from fermented soybeans and has a nutty flavor. Use it in place of meat in various dishes, such as stir-fries, sandwiches, and salads.


Incorporating these fermented foods into your diet can be a delightful way to support your gut health, enhance your mood, and add exciting flavors to your meals. As with any dietary change, it's essential to enjoy these foods as part of a balanced and varied diet for optimal health benefits.



Happy smiling woman

A holistic approach to mood management

It's important to note that while fermented foods can play a significant role in supporting a positive mood, they are not a magic cure for mental health issues. Mental health is complex, and various factors, including genetics, environment, and lifestyle, contribute to our emotional well-being.


Incorporating fermented foods into a balanced diet is a natural and delicious way to support gut health and potentially improve mood. However, it's essential to adopt a holistic approach to mental health, which may include regular exercise, sufficient sleep, stress management techniques, and seeking professional help when needed.

The benefits of fermentation beyond chemistry

All of the fermented "good mood foods" mentioned in this article are readily available at your local grocery store, offering convenience and accessibility to anyone interested in reaping their benefits. However, for me, there's an added layer of joy in the hands-on experience of the actual fermentation process. Witnessing those tiny bubbles forming under the "mother" in kombucha or the magical transformation of runny milk into creamy white yogurt is an immensely satisfying and almost meditative journey.


The art of fermentation allows us to become co-creators with nature, nurturing the growth of these beneficial microorganisms and witnessing their remarkable alchemy. It's a tangible connection to age-old traditions and a reminder that our ancestors also harnessed the power of fermentation to preserve and enhance their food.


There's something captivating about seeing the living, dynamic changes taking place right before our eyes, knowing that we are fostering an ecosystem of tiny helpers that will ultimately contribute to our well-being. The process itself teaches us patience and appreciation for the wonders of the natural world, as we eagerly wait for the magic to unfold.

Beyond the end product, the act of fermenting can be a form of self-care, providing a sense of accomplishment and a deeper connection to what we consume. It allows us to slow down amidst our busy lives, embracing the simple pleasure of nurturing living organisms that, in turn, nourish us in ways beyond the physical.


So, while you can readily find these mood-boosting fermented foods on store shelves, consider delving into the world of fermentation at home. Embrace the joy of experimentation, of tasting the fruits of your labor, and of sharing your creations with friends and family. The satisfaction and sense of fulfillment that come with crafting your own fermented delicacies can be a fulfilling journey in itself, enriching both your culinary repertoire and your state of mind. After all, the path to a happier gut and a brighter mood might just be bubbling right in your kitchen.


Vinegar brewing in a beaker

Conclusion

In conclusion, fermented foods open a captivating gateway to enhancing not only our gut health but also our emotional well-being. Through the fascinating gut-brain axis and the interplay of probiotics and prebiotics, these "good mood foods" showcase their potential to positively impact our mood and overall happiness. While readily available at local grocery stores, there's a unique pleasure in personally embarking on the fermentation journey, nurturing these beneficial microorganisms, and witnessing their transformative magic.


Embracing the art of fermentation becomes more than just a culinary adventure; it becomes an act of self-care, fostering a deeper connection to nature and our food choices. So, whether you choose to enjoy the convenience of store-bought fermented foods or dive into the hands-on experience of fermentation at home, let the wonders of this age-old practice nourish not just your gut but also your soul, adding a touch of joy and contentment to your everyday life. Cheers to a happier gut, a brighter mood, and the delightful dance of fermentation!


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